Railway Transformer: Hom, Specifications thiab Daim Ntawv Thov

 

Taw qhia

High - tsheb ciav hlau ceev, tsheb ciav hlau, tsheb ciav hlau, tsheb ciav hlau, thiab cov tsheb ciav hlau ib txwm nyob ntawm lub zog siv hluav taws xob kom ua haujlwm nyab xeeb thiab ua tau zoo. Tom qab lub zog hluav taws xob no yog ntau yam tshwj xeeb railway transformers, tsim los hloov thiab faib hluav taws xob hluav taws xob rau ntau qhov chaw ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau hluav taws xob. Ntawm lawv,tractiontransformersua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Lawv yog siv nyob rau hauv railway traction substations thiab, nyob rau hauv ib co kev siv, onboard tsheb ciav hlau hloov hluav taws xob fais fab mus rau hauv lub voltage thiab configuration yuav tsum tau los ntawm railway traction systems. Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb piav qhia txog dab tsi lub railway transformer yog dab tsi, yuav ua li cas traction transformers ua hauj lwm, lub ntsiab hom ntawm railway transformers, lawv cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb, thiab yuav ua li cas xaiv txoj cai transformer rau ib tug railway fais fab mov system.

 

Dab tsi yog railway traction transformer?

Lub railway transformer yog tsim los siv rau hauv railway electrification systems los hloov, cais, thiab faib hluav taws xob rau tsheb ciav hlau thiab lwm yam khoom siv. Ib qho ntawm cov hom tseem ceeb yog traction transformer, uas muab lub zog rau txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau traction.

Lub railway traction transformer, tseem hu ua traction fais fab transformer, feem ntau hloov siab -voltage AC zog los ntawm daim phiaj siv hluav taws xob los yog ib qho hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob rau hauv qhov hluav taws xob tsim nyog rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob. Nws yog feem ntau ntsia ntawm ib qho kev tsheb ciav hlau traction substation, qhov twg nws muab lub hwj chim rau overhead catenary los yog thib peb -rail systems. Qee qhov traction transformers kuj tau tsim los rau kev teeb tsa ncaj qha ntawm cov tsheb ciav hlau hluav taws xob.

Tsis zoo li cov pa hluav taws xob hloov pauv, lub traction transformer yuav tsum tswj cov kev hloov pauv sai thiab nrawm. Tsheb ciav hlau acceleration tuaj yeem ua rau tam sim no nce tam sim no, thaum lub braking thiab kev hloov hauv lub tsheb ciav hlau tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv ntxiv hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Yog li ntawd, railway traction transformers yog tsim los txhim khu kev qha kev lag luam nyob rau hauv dynamic loads, hluav taws xob kev nyuaj siab, kev co, thiab lwm yam kev xav tau ntawm railway tej yam kev mob.

Rau kev qhia dav dav rau traction transformer kev tsim kho thiab cov khoom siv

saib pebTraction Transformer Txheej txheem cej luam.

 

3. Railway Transformer Ua Haujlwm Txoj Cai

Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm railway transformer ua hauj lwm yog raws li electromagnetic induction. Nyob rau hauv lub traction substation, lub transformer nqis nqis siab -voltage hwj chim los ntawm daim phiaj los yog railway fais fab mov network mus rau ib tug voltage haum rau railway traction system.

Siab -Voltage Input: Hluav taws xob los ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob overhead catenary lossis thib peb -rail systems yog pub rau hauv thawj winding ntawm railway transformer. Lub input voltage tuaj yeem nyob ntawm 15 kV txog 25 kV, nyob ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau.

 

Kev hloov pauv voltage:Lub siab -voltage input energizes thawj winding thiab tsim ib tug hloov magnetic teb nyob rau hauv lub transformer core. Los ntawm electromagnetic induction, no magnetic teb induces ib tug qis voltage nyob rau hauv lub thib ob winding, nrog rau qhov voltage txiav txim los ntawm lub transformer lem ratio.

 

Kev tswj hluav taws xob: Lub railway transformer kho qhov voltage kom haum raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ntawm lub tsheb ciav hlau traction system, feem ntau txo nws mus rau ib tug qis voltage theem haum rau lub tsheb ciav hlau propulsion khoom.

 

Kev xa hluav taws xob: Lub zog hloov pauv yog xa mus rau qhov system traction, suav nrog cov traction motors lossis lwm yam khoom siv hauv nkoj, ua kom lub tsheb ciav hlau khiav lag luam.

 

Kev Tiv Thaiv & Tswj: Railway transformers yuav tsum tau ua ob qho tib si siab input voltage thiab sib txawv load xav tau thaum lub tsheb ciav hlau ua haujlwm. Cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv xws li cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob thiab cov ntsuas ntsuas ntsuas kub, qhov hluav taws xob, thiab tam sim no kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab txhim khu kev qha.

 

Tswv yim & Kho: Kev soj ntsuam tas li tso cai rau lub kaw lus teb rau cov kev hloov pauv hauv kev thauj khoom thiab kev ua haujlwm, pab tswj kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov thiab tiv thaiv kev ua tsis tiav.

 

4. Hom Railway Transformers

Muaj ntau ntau hom kev tsheb ciav hlau hloov pauv, thiab lawv cov qauv tsim txawv nyob ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau fais fab, qhov chaw teeb tsa, thiab daim ntawv thov. Cov hom tseem ceeb muaj xws li chaw nres tsheb traction transformers, onboard traction transformers, pib -transformers, thiab multi-system traction transformers.

 

4.1 Chaw nres tsheb Traction Transformers

Nyob ruaj ruaj traction transformers yog ntsia ntawm railway substations raws railway kab. Lawv nqis los siab -voltage fais fab los ntawm daim phiaj los yog railway fais fab mov network ua ntej muab hluav taws xob rau lub tsheb ciav hlau los ntawm lub overhead catenary system los yog thib peb rail.

Cov transformers no feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv railway electrification systems los muab ib tug ruaj khov thiab txhim khu kev qha fais fab mov rau hluav taws xob tsheb ciav hlau.

 

4.2 Onboard Traction Transformers

Onboard traction transformers yog ntsia ncaj qha rau ntawm hluav taws xob tsheb ciav hlau los yog locomotives. Lawv muaj cov qauv tsim thiab lub teeb yuag vim lawv yuav tsum txav nrog lub tsheb ciav hlau thaum tuav lub siab - lub zog xav tau ntawm lub zog traction.

Cov transformers no tau txais lub zog los ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau nyiaj siv ua haujlwm thiab nqis mus rau qhov tsim nyog rau lub tsheb ciav hlau traction thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.

 

4.3 Traction Auto-Kev hloov pauv

Traction auto-transformers yog siv nyob rau hauv railway fais fab mov systems, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv high-voltage thiab high- ceev rail daim ntaub ntawv. Lawv pab tswj qhov yuav tsum tau muaj qhov hluav taws xob raws li txoj kab tsheb ciav hlau thiab tuaj yeem txo qhov poob qis thiab lub zog hluav taws xob nyob rau qhov ntev.

Tsis zoo li cov pa roj carbon monoxide ob-winding transformers, ib qho pib-transformer siv ib qho winding rau ib feem ntawm lub hauv paus thiab theem nrab circuits.

 

4.4 Multi-System Traction Transformers

Multi-system traction transformers yog tsim los rau cov tsheb ciav hlau hluav taws xob uas ua haujlwm hla kev tsheb ciav hlau nrog cov tshuab hluav taws xob sib txawv. Lawv tuaj yeem ua raws li qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab ntau zaus, tso cai rau cov tsheb ciav hlau ua haujlwm thoob plaws cheeb tsam lossis lub tebchaws uas muaj cov qauv kev tsheb ciav hlau sib txawv.

 

4.5 Transformers rau AC thiab DC Traction Systems

Railway traction transformers kuj tuaj yeem raug cais raws li hom kev tsheb ciav hlau fais fab.

AC traction transformers yog siv nyob rau hauv AC railway electrification systems, nrog rau ntau qhov ntev -nyob deb thiab siab- ceev rail networks. Lawv nqis los ntawm AC voltage nkag mus rau theem uas yuav tsum tau los ntawm lub tsheb ciav hlau txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau.

DC traction systems feem ntau yog siv rau cov tsheb ciav hlau metro, trams, thiab suburban railways. Nyob rau hauv cov tshuab no, transformers feem ntau yog siv ua ke nrog rectifiers los hloov lub zog AC nkag mus rau hauv DC lub zog xav tau los ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau.

Kev xaiv ntawm railway transformer nyob ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau hluav taws xob, qhov hluav taws xob thiab zaus, hom kev teeb tsa, cov kev cai tsheb ciav hlau, thiab kev ua haujlwm.

 

5. Kev siv ntawm Railway Traction Transformers

Railway traction transformers feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv hluav taws xob railway systems los muab lub zog txhim khu kev qha rau tsheb ciav hlau thiab lwm yam khoom siv railway. Lawv daim ntawv thov sib txawv raws li hom kev tsheb ciav hlau, tsheb ciav hlau, thiab hluav taws xob.

 

6. Railway Traction Transformer Tsim thiab Specifications

Tus qauv tsim ntawm traction transformer nyob ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau hluav taws xob, hom kev teeb tsa, qib voltage, lub zog xav tau, thiab kev ua haujlwm. Piv nrog rau cov qauv fais fab transformers, railway transformers yuav tsum tau tiv taus cov kev hloov pauv tsis tu ncua, txhua yam kev vibration, hluav taws xob kev ntxhov siab, thiab xav tau kev ua haujlwm.

 

6.1 Core thiab Windings

Cov tub ntxhais transformer muab qhov qis - txoj kev tsis txaus siab rau cov hlau nplaum sib nqus ntawm cov windings. High- cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb zoo thiab kev tsim kho tsis zoo pab lub tshuab hluav taws xob tswj kev ua haujlwm tau zoo nyob rau hauv kev sib hloov ntawm cov tsheb ciav hlau.

Cov windings yog tsim raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj qhov voltage thiab lub zog ntsuas. High-cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo thiab cov hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev yog siv los muab cov khoom siv dag zog thiab hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev uas xav tau rau kev siv tsheb ciav hlau.

 

6.2 Voltage thiab zaus

Lub traction transformer specifications nyob ntawm lub railway fais fab mov system. Common railway supply theem muaj xws li:

• 15 kV, 16.7 Hz AC - siv nyob rau hauv ib co European railway networks.
• 25 kV, 50/60 Hz AC - dav siv rau railway electrification.
• 1.5 kV DC thiab 3 kV DC traction systems - siv nyob rau hauv qee lub nroog thiab cov pa tsheb ciav hlau.

Cov zis hluav taws xob raug xaiv raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj ntawm lub tshuab traction thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob qis qis.

 

6.3 Lub zog ntsuas

Qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob yog ib txwm teev nyob rau hauv kVA lossis MVA thiab nyob ntawm lub tsheb ciav hlau, kev tsheb ciav hlau, thiab kev cia siab. Cov ntawv thov sib txawv yuav xav tau kev ntsuas hluav taws xob sib txawv, los ntawm cov chav me me rau cov tsheb ciav hlau thiab cov tsheb ciav hlau mus rau siab dua - muaj peev xwm hloov pauv rau siab - tsheb ciav hlau ceev thiab hnyav - lub luag haujlwm railway systems.

Lub transformer tseem yuav tsum tau tsim los tiv thaiv luv luv - lub sij hawm overloads thiab kev hloov ceev ntawm lub load thaum lub tsheb ciav hlau acceleration, braking, thiab ua hauj lwm ib txwm.

 

6.4 Cua txias thiab kev tsim kho

Traction transformers tuaj yeem siv cov txheej txheem txias sib txawv nyob ntawm kev teeb tsa thiab lub zog xav tau.

Roj-immersed transformers siv insulating kua rau ob qho tib si txias thiab rwb thaiv tsev.

Qhuav- hom transformers siv cua txias thiab cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev, ua rau lawv haum rau cov ntawv thov uas tsis nyiam cov roj.

Rau kev siv onboard, lub transformer kuj yuav tsum tau raws li qhov chaw nruj thiab qhov hnyav. Nyob ntawm tus qauv tsheb ciav hlau, cov tshuab hloov pauv tuaj yeem raug teeb tsa hauv chav tshuab, hauv qab hauv pem teb, hauv qis - thaj chaw hauv av, lossis ntawm lub ru tsev.

 

6.5 Kais Changer thiab Voltage Regulation

Lub kais hloov pauv tuaj yeem siv los kho qhov hloov pauv hluav taws xob raws li qhov xav tau ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau fais fab. Nyob ntawm daim ntawv thov, lub traction transformer tuaj yeem siv rau ntawm -load tap changer (OLTC) lossis off-load tap changer.

OLTC tuaj yeem kho qhov hluav taws xob thaum lub tshuab hloov hluav taws xob tseem muaj zog, thaum lub sijhawm tawm -load kais hloov pauv yuav tsum tau hloov pauv hloov pauv ua ntej lub kais dej hloov pauv.

 

6.6 Efficiency thiab Zog poob

Traction transformers yog tsim los rau kev ua haujlwm siab vim tias lawv ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv qhov nquag thiab hloov chaw thauj khoom. Lawv lub zog poob feem ntau suav nrog cov tseem ceeb poob thiab cov khoom poob.

• Core poob: Feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm hysteresis thiab eddy tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub transformer core. Cov kev poob no tseem nyob ruaj khov thaum lub transformer muaj zog.
• Load poob: Feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm winding tsis kam thiab nce nrog square ntawm lub load tam sim no.
• Lwm yam poob: Kev poob qis, dielectric poob, thiab lub zog siv los ntawm cov khoom siv cua txias kuj tuaj yeem ua rau poob tag nrho.

Qhov kev ua tau zoo thiab qhov poob yog nyob ntawm tus qauv tsim, ntsuas lub zog, cov khoom siv, txoj kev ua kom txias, thiab kev khiav haujlwm. Yog li ntawd, transformer efficiency thiab poob qhov tseem ceeb yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm qhov project thiab cov qauv siv.

 

6.7 Kev Tiv Thaiv thiab Kev Ntsuas

Kev tiv thaiv kev ntseeg siab yog qhov tseem ceeb vim tias traction transformers ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv cov hluav taws xob siab thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Tej yam kev tiv thaiv thiab saib xyuas muaj xws li:

• Kev tiv thaiv overcurrent
• Kev tiv thaiv overvoltage
• Kev ntsuas kub
• Kev saib xyuas rwb thaiv tsev
• Kev tiv thaiv av txhaum

Traction transformer testing yog ua los xyuas kom meej qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm hluav taws xob, lub zog rwb thaiv tsev, kev ua haujlwm kub, thiab kev ntseeg tau tag nrho ua ntej lub transformer muab tso rau hauv kev pabcuam.

Qhov kawg traction transformer specifications thiab kev ntsuam xyuas yuav tsum tau txiav txim raws li railway voltage system, zaus, hwj chim thov, installation tej yam kev mob, txias txoj kev, thiab siv cov qauv.

 

6.8 Cov Ntsiab Cai Tsim Kev Sib Tw

Railway traction transformers yuav tsum sib npaug ntau qhov yuav tsum tau ua, suav nrog:

Siab zog: Kov siab thiab hloov ceev ceev.

Kev tswj cua sov: Dissipate tshav kub raws li xav tau kev khiav hauj lwm tej yam kev mob.

Mechanical zog: Tiv thaiv kev vibration thiab mechanical stress.

Compactness: Ua tau raws qhov chaw thiab qhov hnyav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov ntawv thov onboard.

Kev ntseeg tau: Ua haujlwm ruaj khov nrog kev saib xyuas yam tsawg kawg nkaus.

 

7. Yuav ua li cas xaiv ib tug Railway Transformer?

Xaiv txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau yog nyob ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau fais fab, kev thauj khoom, kev teeb tsa, thiab cov qauv siv tau. Ua ntej muab qhov kev txiav txim, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub meej tias cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hauv qab no.

 

7.1 Rated Fais Fab thiab Voltage

Lub transformer yuav tsum muaj peev xwm txaus los tswj cov kev cia siab ntawm kev thauj mus los, suav nrog lub ncov thiab hloov pauv thaum ua haujlwm. Qhov yuav tsum tau ntsuas fais fab thiab siab -voltage theem yuav tsum tau txiav txim raws li txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau fais fab mov system.

SCOTECH tuaj yeem muab cov tshuab hloov pauv nrog cov ntsuas hluav taws xob mus txog 100 MVA thiab ntsuas qhov hluav taws xob siab txog 132 kV, nrog rau kev ntsuas ntsuas raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua.

 

7.2 Kev sib txuas thiab cov theem yuav tsum tau ua

Qhov kev sib txuas ntawm transformer yuav tsum phim txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau traction thiab nws cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Daim ntawv thov kev tsheb ciav hlau sib txawv yuav xav tau kev npaj sib txawv thiab kev sib txuas winding.

Muaj kev sib txuas kev xaiv muaj xws li:

• YN, d 11
• YN,d11,d5
• V₀V₀
• Scott- txuas (3-theem/2-theem)
• Leblanc- txuas (3-theem/2-theem)
• Woodbridge- txuas (3-theem/2-theem)

 

7.3 Rwb thaiv tsev thiab cua txias nruab nrab

Kev xaiv ntawm insulating thiab cua txias nruab nrab nyob ntawm qhov chaw nruab, kev ua tau zoo, thiab qhov project specifications.

SCOTECH tuaj yeem muab cov kev xaiv sib txawv, suav nrog FR3, roj ntxhia, silicone, hydrocarbon, thiab roj zaub.

Cov tshuab cua txias kuj tuaj yeem tsim kho raws li qhov ntsuas ntsuas ntsuas thiab daim ntawv thov, nrog cov galvanized lossis stainless-steel radiators muaj.

 

7.4 Tank thiab Accessories

Lub tank transformer thiab npog yuav tsum muaj cov khoom siv txaus thiab kev tiv thaiv rau cov khoom siv sab hauv. Raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm qhov project, SCOTECH muaj cov hlau me me lossis stainless- steel tanks thiab npog.

Cov khoom siv ntxiv kuj tuaj yeem teeb tsa, suav nrog:

• Buchholz relay
• Tam sim no transformer (CT)
• Ntawm -load tap changer (OLTC)
• Marshalling lub thawv
• Winding kub qhov taw qhia
• Lwm yam kev saib xyuas thiab kev tiv thaiv accessories

 

7.5 Impedance thiab Custom Requirements

Transformer impedance cuam tshuam rau kev tswj hluav taws xob thiab luv luv - kev ua haujlwm hauv Circuit Court, yog li nws yuav tsum raug xaiv raws li cov kev cai ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau.

SCOTECH txhawb kev cai impedance thiab tuaj yeem muab cov ntaub thaiv npog electrostatic thaum xav tau. Lwm yam kev hloov pauv tsis tuaj yeem hloov kho raws li qhov project specification.

 

7.6 Cov Qauv thiab Kev Ntsuas

Railway transformers yuav tsum tau tsim thiab sim ua raws li cov qauv tsim nyog rau qhov project tshwj xeeb thiab kev ua lag luam. SCOTECH tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob raws li IEC, ANSI / IEEE, NEMA, CSA, thiab lwm yam qauv.

Ua ntej xaiv lub railway transformer, paub meej tias qhov yuav tsum tau muaj zog ntsuas, voltage, zaus, kev sib txuas, rwb thaiv tsev thiab cua txias nruab nrab, impedance, accessories, installation tej yam kev mob, thiab cov qauv siv. Muab cov ntsiab lus no rau cov chaw tsim khoom siv hluav taws xob ua kom ntseeg tau tias qhov kev tsim kho zaum kawg cuam tshuam rau txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau fais fab thiab kev ua haujlwm.