Jiangshan Scotech Hluav Taws Xob Co., Ltd.
Solid State Transformer: Lub Cav Core ntawm Lub Hwj Chim Hloov Pauv hauv AI Era
Nov 18, 2025
Tso lus
Amid qhov kev loj hlob ntawm AI suav nrog lub zog xav tau, lub zog ntom ntom ntawm ib lub txee hauv cov chaw txawj ntse suav txuas ntxiv mus. High-kawg chips xws li H100/H200 muaj lub zog noj ntawm 700W, thaum lub GB200 tshaj 2700W. Kev sib txuas nrog cov cua kub dissipation siab thiab kev sib kis tsis tau ua rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ib txwm siv tsis tau. Tawm tsam qhov keeb kwm yav dhau los no, Cov Khoom Siv Hauv Xeev Transformer (SST), raws li kev tswj hwm lub zog hluav taws xob hluav taws xob thiab siab- zaus sib nqus coupling thev naus laus zis, tau tshwm sim los ua cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb los txhawb siab -cov lej suav thiab tsim ib qho tshiab - hom fais fab system, ushering nyob rau hauv ib tug tshiab era ntawm "powers transformation" thiab kev hloov pauv tus cwj pwm. rov qab".
I. Cov Tub Ntxhais Kawm Txuj Ci: Txoj Kev Txhim Kho Tshiab hauv Architecture thiab Cov Ntsiab Cai
Lub hauv paus kev tsim kho tshiab ntawm cov khoom hauv lub xeev transformer yog nyob rau hauv subverting lub electromagnetic induction txoj cai ntawm ib txwm hwj chim zaus transformers, realizing npaum lub hwj chim hloov dua siab tshiab thiab ntse tswj los ntawm lub hwj chim hluav taws xob hloov dua siab tshiab technology thiab siab - zaus magnetic coupling. Nws cov qauv topological txais yuav ib qho qauv peb-theem tsim, muab faib ua nruab nrab-voltage theem, cais theem thiab qis-voltage theem ntawm sab saum toj mus rau hauv qab. Cov qauv ntawm lub cev sib haum mus rau qhov sib txuas ntawm qhov nruab nrab -voltage side input filter txee, central power electronic txee, high-frequency transformer, low-voltage side power unit thiab output cabinet, form a closed-loop system from input to output.
Raws li qhov tseeb evolutionary daim ntawv ntawmdata centerLub tshuab hluav taws xob, SST siv dav -bandgap semiconductor li xws li silicon carbide (SiC) ua cov tub ntxhais kom ua tiav kev hloov pauv tau zoo ntawm 10kV AC rau 800V DC, tag nrho hloov cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zaus hloov pauv thiab ntau -theem fais fab kev sib txuas. Txoj kev "silicon advancing and copper retreating" technical path tsis tsuas yog ua kom yooj yim ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib txuas, tab sis kuj ua rau nws muaj kev txawj ntse thiab tswj tau lub zog txaus, ua rau nws yog cov cuab yeej txhawb nqa tseem ceeb rau "qhov chaw- kab sib chaws-load- khaws cia" integrated architecture. Nws yog sib xws nrog 750-800V DC tsheb npav voltage thiab tuaj yeem txuas txuas nrog cov khoom siv UPS / HVDC uas twb muaj lawm nrog lub zog tshiab.
Muab piv nrog cov txheej txheem ib txwm muaj, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm SST yog "peb-hauv-ib" kev sib koom ua ke, kev sib koom ua ke ntawm peb cov khoom siv ib txwm muaj: transformer, fais fab faib txee thiab UPS. Nws lub zog hloov dua siab tshiab yog siab li 98.3%, 2-3 feem pua cov ntsiab lus siab dua li cov txheej txheem ib txwm muaj. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm lub cev loj, qhov ntev yog txo los ntawm 60% piv nrog Eaton tus kheej cov txheej txheem cov khoom ib txwm, txuag tau ntau chav. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, los ntawm huab cua txias tsim, nws txo qhov nyuaj ntawm qhov system cua sov dissipation tsim, tshem tawm cov roj filling cov kauj ruam, thiab txo cov pa phem.
II. Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb: Dual Dimensions ntawm qhov zoo thiab cov kev sib tw
(I) Kev Ua Haujlwm Zoo Tshaj Plaws
Qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom hauv lub xeev transformers tau pom nyob rau hauv ntau qhov ntev xws li kev ua haujlwm, kev ua haujlwm thiab kev ua haujlwm yooj yim. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev tswj fais fab zoo, nws muaj peev xwm tiag tiag - lub sij hawm tswj tam sim no, voltage thiab lub zog, ua tiav qhov zaus thiab qhov hluav taws xob tsis tu ncua, thiab lub zog tseem ceeb yog ib txwm nyob ze rau 1.0. 0.1ms- theem teb ceev tuaj yeem them sai sai rau lub zog sib npaug ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob, tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam xws li kev hloov pauv photovoltaic, thiab txo qis kev sib haum xeeb.
Hais txog kev ntseeg siab thiab kev nyab xeeb, SST tsis tas yuav tsum muaj cov khoom siv tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab muaj kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, uas tuaj yeem tua qhov txhaum loj tam sim no hauv microseconds. Kev koom tes nrog cov chaw taws teeb saib xyuas hauv online, nws tuaj yeem paub txog kev tswj hwm ntawm lub zog faib hluav taws xob. Nws cov qauv tsim qauv siv cov khoom siv semiconductor paub tab thiab ZVS / ZCS mos hloov tshuab, uas tsis tsuas yog txhim kho lub zog ceev, tab sis kuj txhawb kev nthuav dav. Daim ntawv thov ntawm magnetic integration technology ntxiv compresses lub module ntim thiab ua rau kev khiav hauj lwm thiab txij nkawm yooj yim dua.
Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm lub zog compatibility, SST reserves interfaces rau tshiab zog nkag. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, nws muaj peev xwm seamlessly integrate photovoltaic, lub zog cia, them pawg thiab lwm yam khoom siv. Txawm hais tias nws tsuas yog hloov kho rau cov roj teeb lithium tam sim no, nws tau tso lub hauv paus rau ntsuab fais fab mov ncaj qha thiab faib hluav taws xob siv. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws qhov siab -voltage DC tso zis cov yam ntxwv txo cov kev siv cov cables thiab cov ntaub ntawv busbar nyob rau sab nraub qaum- kawg cov kab sib kis. Yog tias ua ke nrog DC-powered servers, nws tuaj yeem txo qhov hloov pauv txuas ntxiv thiab txhim kho kev siv hluav taws xob tag nrho.
(II) Txoj Kev Txhim Kho Tam Sim No Cov Khaub Ncaws
Txawm hais tias nws qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb, lub zog hloov hluav taws xob tseem nyob hauv ib nrab - theem pib ntawm kev siv thev naus laus zis thiab kev cog qoob loo hauv khw. Qhov tsis ua tiav qhov loj - nplai ntau lawm ua rau tsis muaj sijhawm ntev - pov thawj ntawm nws qhov kev ntseeg tau. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sab hauv hluav taws xob, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov kiv cua txias yog tag nrho cov ntsiab lus txhaum cai, thiab qhov txhaum zaus yog siab dua li ntawm cov tsoos transformers nrog cov qauv yooj yim.
Tus nqi siab yog qhov tseem ceeb txwv nws txoj kev lag luam. Tus nqi nyob rau hauv kev sim ntau lawm theem yog kwv yees li 4-7 yuan ib watt, feem ntau yog vim tus nqi siab thiab txwv tsis pub muaj peev xwm ntawm wide-bandgap semiconductor li thiab siab- zaus sib nqus cov ntaub ntawv. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov nruab nrab -voltage scenario muaj ntau dua qhov yuav tsum tau muaj rau qhov voltage kuj ntawm cov khoom, thiab lub Circuit Court yuav tsum tau redesigned. Tus nqi yuav khoom ntawm cov khoom tshwj xeeb - cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb yog siab nyob rau hauv cov khoom me me.
Kev lag luam ecology tsis paub tab kuj yuav tsum tau daws sai: muaj qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov khoom siv thauj khoom hloov mus rau 800V DC. Txawm tias Nvidia lub tswv yim yuav tsum tau muab lub zog rau lub load los ntawm 800V rau 48V hloov dua siab tshiab; kev loj hlob ntawm DC tiv thaiv Cheebtsam xws li cov keyboards tsis txaus, feem ntau yog nyob ntawm fuses thiab cais cov keyboards; Qhov tsis txaus ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab kev saib xyuas pab pawg thiab tsis muaj kev paub txog kev ua haujlwm thiab kev saib xyuas kev ua haujlwm ua rau kev saib xyuas txhua hnub thiab kev ua txhaum ntawm SST nyuaj dua li ib txwm hloov pauv. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws daim ntawv thov thiab kev xa tawm yuav tsum tau txais kev koom tes ntawm cov tuam txhab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob thiab tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab ib leeg, uas tseem ua rau lub voj voog tsaws.
III. Daim Ntawv Thov Scenarios: Kev nqis tes ua tus nqi hauv ntau qhov chaw
Tam sim no, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv lub xeev tau siv thiab siv rau ntawm qhov loj hauv peb qhov xwm txheej, txhua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm "kev txhim kho kev siv hluav taws xob thiab hloov mus rau ntau lub zog xav tau", uas qhia txog kev siv dav dav.
AC-DC hybrid faib network
SST, raws li "lub zog router", paub txog AC thiab DC lub zog sib koom ua ke tib lub network thiab txo qhov poob ntawm ntau- theem hloov dua siab tshiab. Nws cov haujlwm xws li bidirectional zog txaus thiab hloov tau lub zog txaus tswj tau tuaj yeem ua rau kom cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib faib tau ntau dua 18%, txhim kho lub tsheb hluav taws xob nkag mus tau los ntawm 20%, thiab txo cov kev faib hluav taws xob thiab microgrid network poob txog li 5%, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho cov kab hluav taws xob kev ntseeg siab thiab kev siv hluav taws xob txuas ntxiv.
ntsuab fais fab txuas ncaj qha scenario
SST ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm "tag nrho DC kauj ruam- nce nkag" thiab tsim kom muaj lub zog ntsuab kaw los ntawm cov kab mob siab. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob photovoltaic thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tuaj yeem ncaj qha los ntawm SST los muab cov kev pabcuam ncaj qha rau cov khoom loj DC xws li cov chaw zov me nyuam, hydrogen ntau lawm thiab electrolysis, tshem tawm kev vam khom ntawm AC zog daim phiaj, txo qis hluav taws xob poob hauv kev sib txuas nruab nrab, thiab txhawb kev siv hluav taws xob ntsuab.
thaj chaw ntawm hluav taws xob tsheb them chaw nres tsheb
SST hloov cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv hloov pauv kom paub txog "chain fais fab hluav taws xob", muab "plaub-ncej" kev them nyiaj: kev ua tiav zoo heev (tag nrho cov haujlwm ntawm kev kho qhov muag, them nyiaj thiab hloov pauv, thiab kev hloov pauv tag nrho rau cov qauv tsheb), yooj yim heev (15% chaw txuag thiab 20% lub zog txuag hluav taws xob), ceev heev (txhawb nqa 1}0} qib {{3} ntawm kev tsav tsheb hauv 1 feeb), thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo heev (qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 97.5%, 5% siab dua li cov txheej txheem ib txwm muaj), zoo kawg nkaus ua tau raws li kev hloov kho yav tom ntej ntawm ultra- kev xav tau them ceev ceev.
Tsis tas li ntawd, daim ntawv thov ntawm SST hauv cov chaw zov me nyuam yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, dhau los ua cov kev taw qhia tseem ceeb uas txhawb nqa los ntawm cov tuam txhab thev naus laus zis xws li Nvidia, uas tuaj yeem txhawb nqa kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov ntawm siab - lub zog ceev GPU pawg; nyob rau hauv lub tshav pob ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau, txawm hais tias muaj qee qhov xwm txheej tam sim no, nws tau qhia meej meej daim ntawv thov muaj peev xwm nrog nws cov kev hloov pauv tau zoo thiab muaj peev xwm tswj hwm kev txawj ntse.
IV. Kev ua lag luam qauv thiab kev lag luam nce qib
(I) Kev Ua Lag Luam Loj thiab Kev Sib Tw Zoo Nkauj
Cov khoom lag luam hauv lub xeev transformer tau nkag mus rau lub sijhawm ntawm kev loj hlob sai. Kev muag khoom thoob ntiaj teb tau nce mus txog 442 lab US las hauv 2024, thiab xav tias yuav nce mus rau 1.747 billion US las los ntawm 2031, nrog rau kev loj hlob txhua xyoo (CAGR) ntawm 22.0% los ntawm 2025 txog 2031. Lub ntiaj teb kev lag luam feem ntau yog nyob hauv North America, Asia Pacific thiab Europe. Cov khoom lag luam feem ntau yog ob-theem thiab peb-theem solid state transformers, suav txog li 90% ntawm kev ua lag luam sib koom ua ke.
Kev sib tw ua lag luam tam sim no nthuav tawm tus qauv ntawm "kev sib tw sib txawv", thiab kev sib tw ruaj khov tseem tsis tau tsim. Cov neeg koom nrog loj thoob ntiaj teb xws li ABB, Siemens thiab General Electric, nrog rau cov lag luam hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws xws li Eaton, Vertiv, Delta, XD Electric thiab Sifang Electric. Vim yog tus nqi siab thiab txwv tsis pub muaj peev xwm ntawm cov khoom ntws ntws, thiab cov kev cuam tshuam kev lag luam siab hauv siab -frequency topology thiab tswj kev tsim qauv, SST tseem tsis tau ua tiav loj- nplai kev lag luam, ua rau nws nyuaj rau kev nthuav dav cov qauv sib tw los ntawm kev sib koom ua lag luam.
(II) Kev Kawm Txuj Ci Hauv Tebchaws thiab Txawv Tebchaws
Kev ua lag luam txawv teb chaws tau pib ua ntej thiab ua kom muaj kev vam meej hauv SST. Kev lag luam Asmeskas yog coj los ntawm cov tuam txhab thev naus laus zis xws li Meta, Nvidia thiab Google. Raws li lub tuam txhab ua lag luam, Eaton tau ua tiav qhov me me - ntsuas kev sim, xa peb cov khoom siv rau 21Vianet thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 2024, thiab muab cov khoom lag luam customized rau cov neeg siv khoom txawv teb chaws xws li Nvidia thiab Google kom hloov mus rau US 13.8kV nruab nrab -voltage power grid standard. Prototypes ntawm Vertiv, Delta thiab Schneider tau ua haujlwm. Ntawm lawv, Vertiv's ± 400V lub tswv yim xav tias yuav muab Meta hauv thawj peb lub hlis twg ntawm 2026, thiab Delta tau ua tiav cov khoom lag luam npog SST, Sidecar thiab 800V rau 48V PSU.
Kev ua lag luam hauv tsev tam sim no nyob rau theem ntawm kev sim tsis sib xws, nrog tsawg dua 10 tus neeg paub, thiab tag nrho cov kev kawm tau qeeb dua li txawv teb chaws. Txoj haujlwm tsav ntawm 21Vianet cov ntaub ntawv chaw koom nrog Eaton tau ua haujlwm ze li ib xyoos; XD Electric's 800V SST dhau qhov kev ntsuam xyuas kws tshaj lij thaum Lub Yim Hli 2025 thiab tseem tos kom nkag mus rau theem sim; Weiguang Tshiab Zog tus qauv 1250KVA tau muab tso rau hauv lub tsev ntawm nws cov koom nrog Baiyun Electric; cov tuam txhab xws li Sifang Electric, Jinpan Technology thiab Zhongheng Electric kuj tau tsim cov khoom lag luam lossis cov tswv yim. Ntawm lawv, Zhongheng Electric yog tib lub chaw tsim khoom hauv tsev uas tau pib ua tiav 800V HVDC kev daws teeb meem.
Los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm lub sijhawm ua lag luam, nws xav tias me me -batch xa tawm ntawm SST yuav pom tau thoob ntiaj teb nyob rau hauv ib nrab xyoo 2026, thiab loj -batch daim ntawv thov yuav tsum tau tos kom txog rau thaum thawj ib nrab ntawm 2027. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau cia tias HVDC yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej rau kev nce qib ntawm SST. Nvidia Rubin npaj yuav xa HVDC nyob rau ib nrab ntawm 2026. Tsuas yog tom qab ua tiav ntawm siab -voltage DC transformation tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov loj - daim ntawv thov ntawm SST. Yog li ntawd, HVDC tau dhau los ua qhov txuas txuas tseem ceeb ntawm theem tam sim no.
V. Cov Qauv thiab Cov Lus Qhia: Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Lag Luam Standardization
Tam sim no, tsis muaj kev sib koom ua lag luam tus qauv rau cov khoom hauv lub xeev transformers. Thaum tswj xyuas qhov sib xws hauv cov lus qhia tseem ceeb, cov khoom tshwj xeeb ntawm ntau lub tuam txhab muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntsiab lus. Hais txog lub peev xwm specifications, cov khoom tseem ceeb yog nyob rau hauv txoj kab nrog cov tsoos transformers, thiab Eaton cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb npog 1250KVA, 1600KVA, 2000KVA thiab 2500KVA; Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm input voltage, tus qauv domestic yog 10kV, thaum lub US nruab nrab -voltage standard yog 13.8kV; cov zis hluav taws xob tsim cov qauv sib txawv, nrog DC 800V thiab ± 400V raws li kev lag luam mainstream, 750V specifications adapting rau IEC tshiab zog qauv, thiab 400V specifications raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm lub North American lag luam.
Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm lub cev loj, ib tug mainstream khoom yog 6 meters nyob rau hauv ntev, 1.5 meters nyob rau hauv qhov tob thiab 2.2 meters nyob rau hauv qhov siab, uas yog ho txo qis piv nrog cov tsoos tswvyim. Piv nrog rau lwm 800V HVDC scheme "Sidecar" hauv kev lag luam, SST txawv ntawm tom kawg 400V AC input nrog 10kV AC input, thiab paub txog "peb-in-}ib" muaj nuj nqi kev koom ua ke, thaum "Sidecar" tseem xav tau khaws cov tsoos transformers thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob nyuaj, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hloov pauv thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob nkaus xwb. Qhov ceev yog qhov qis dua tshaj SST.
VI. Yav Tom Ntej Trends: Technological Iteration and Ecological Improvement
Kev txhim kho yav tom ntej ntawm cov khoom hauv lub xeev transformers yuav tsom mus rau peb cov lus qhia: kev ua kom zoo tshaj plaws, kev loj hlob ntawm ecological thiab nthuav dav scenario. Nyob rau theem R & D, cov tuam txhab lag luam yuav tsom mus rau kev txhim kho cov khoom lag luam, tsim cov khoom lag luam sib xyaw ua ke thiab kev hloov kho rau cov qauv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob ntawm cov teb chaws sib txawv thiab cov khoom siv sib txawv thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob xav tau; Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, ntxiv dag zog rau kev siv cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob tshiab thiab txhawb kev sib koom ua ke hauv - qhov tob ntawm photovoltaic, lub zog cia thiab lwm yam khoom siv.
Kev tswj hwm tus nqi yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua lag luam. Nrog rau kev txhim kho lub peev xwm ntau lawm ntawm dav -bandgap semiconductor pab kiag li lawm, kev txhim kho ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sab saud thiab qis qis, thiab cov txiaj ntsig tsis zoo los ntawm kev tsim khoom loj -scale, tus nqi ntawm SST yuav tsum maj mam txo, txhawb nws txoj kev hloov pauv los ntawm siab - kawg tsav mus rau cov ntawv thov nrov. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev khiav hauj lwm thiab txij nkawm system, kev lag luam yuav maj mam tsim mature lag luam thiab txij nkawm cov qauv thiab cov kws tshaj lij pab pawg, txo cov complexity ntawm kev khiav hauj lwm thiab txij nkawm los ntawm kev txawj ntse xyuas systems thiab txhim kho kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov khoom siv.
Kev tsim cov qauv kev lag luam yuav ua kom cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua lag luam standardization. Nws cia siab tias kev sib koom ua ke kev qhia tshwj xeeb thiab cov qauv ntsuas yuav maj mam tsim nyob rau ob peb xyoos tom ntej no, coj kev lag luam los hloov pauv ntawm "kev sib txawv ntawm kev sib tw" mus rau "tus qauv kev sib tw". Hais txog cov xwm txheej ntawm daim ntawv thov, ntxiv nrog rau cov chaw cov ntaub ntawv uas twb muaj lawm, kev faib khoom sib txuas, chaw them nqi thiab lwm qhov chaw, SST yuav ua tiav ntau dua hauv kev thauj mus los, kev lag luam DC fais fab mov thiab lwm yam xwm txheej, dhau los ua lub hauv paus tseem ceeb hauv cov tshiab - hom fais fab.
Raws li kev sib tshuam ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob thev naus laus zis thiab kev hloov hluav taws xob tshiab, lub zog hloov hluav taws xob tsis yog tsuas yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los tiv thaiv kev tawg ntawm AI suav lub zog, tab sis kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb txhawb rau kev txhawb zog kev hloov pauv thiab tsim kom muaj ntsuab thiab qis dua -carbon fais fab system. Nrog rau kev txuas ntxiv ntawm kev siv thev naus laus zis thiab kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm ecosystem, cov khoom hauv lub xeev transformers yuav muaj tseeb ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev hloov pauv hluav taws xob thoob ntiaj teb, nqa ntau dua, hloov pauv thiab huv lub zog lav rau txhua qhov chaw ntawm lub neej.
Xa kev nug