Ntawm - Pread Take Changer (OLTC): ib qho kev qhia dav dav

Jun 18, 2025

Tso lus

Ntawm - Pread Take Changer (OLTC): ib qho kev qhia dav dav

 

on load tap changer

.Qhav

 

Ntawm {{0} Click yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb hauv cov hluav taws xob hloov pauv uas siv cov kev tswj hluav taws xob thaum lub transformer tseem energized thiab hauv qab thauj khoom. Cov cuab yeej siv cov ntse no tso cai rau kev hloov pauv ntawm hloov hluav taws xob uas tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam lub hwj chim ntws, ua rau lawv indispensable hauv niaj hnub hluav taws xob hluav taws xob uas voltage stability yog paramount.

OLTCS ua si lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj cov hluav taws xob tsis sib xws txawm tias kev hloov pauv lossis hloov pauv hauv cov tswv yim hluav taws xob. Lawv tau siv dav hauv lub hwj chim kis thiab xa cov ntaub ntawv xa tawm, kev siv hluav taws xob, thiab txuas txuas ntxiv rau volt yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov khoom siv kev ua haujlwm thiab qhov system ruaj khov.

 

Cov txheej txheem .Working

Qhov kev ua haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm ALTC tso siab rau nws lub peev xwm los sib txuas ntawm cov kais sib txawv ntawm cov hloov cua winding thaum tswj cov ntws tam sim no. Qhov no tau ua tiav los ntawm kev npaj ua ke ntawm cov neeg sib cuag thiab cov neeg tsis sib haum xeeb uas tiv thaiv qhib kev cuam tshuam thaum hloov.

tap changer on transformer

III. Cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws piav qhia ntawm cov haujlwm ntawm tsib tus neeg loj ntawm OLTC

on load tap changer diagram

Lub OLTC (ntawm {- Pread Take Changer) tuaj yeem muab faib ua tsib lub ntsej muag lub taub hau npog, thiab cov roj sib xyaw. Hauv qab no yog cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws ntawm txhua feem:

1. Kov Take Changer Taub Hau Hau

  • Rooj mov: Ua haujlwm raws li sab saum toj sib khi thiab tiv thaiv ntawm OLTC, tiv thaiv cov plua plav sab nraud (xws li plua plav sab nraud thiab dej noo) los ntawm kev rwb thaiv tsev sab hauv.
  • Nta:

Feem ntau ua los ntawm high - Lub zog insulating cov ntaub ntawv (piv txwv li, epoxy expin), muab ob qho kev tiv thaiv micicy thiab rwb thaiv tsev.

Yuav suav nrog kev kuaj qhov rai lossis sensor cuam tshuam rau kev saib xyuas cov xwm txheej sab hauv (piv txwv li qib roj, roj ntxiv).

2. Iav

  • Rooj mov: Hloov cov tshuab siv hluav taws xob ntawm lub cev muaj zog lossis kev ua haujlwm ntawm txhais tes rau tus ncej tseem ceeb, tsav tsheb cov neeg tuaj yeem hloov mus coj tus kais.
  • Nta:

Muaj cov iav ua kom haum kom ntseeg tau thiab muab cov kais "{0} hloov cov haujlwm.

Tej zaum yuav nruab nrog clutches lossis txwv cov khoom siv los tiv thaiv tshaj - hloov kho lossis tshuab hloov kho.

3. Tus ncej loj

  • Rooj mov: Cov zis tawm ntawm lub tshuab iav, txuas ntxiv mus rau lub kaw lus sib ze, hloov pauv cov lus tsa suab lossis hloov chaw ua haujlwm ntawm cov neeg sib tiv tauj.
  • Nta:

Yuav tsum tau muaj lub zog txhua lub zog thiab hnav tsis kam, feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov hlau stainless lossis alloy steel.

Kev sib hloov lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub ntsiab ncej sib raug zoo rau cov kais txoj haujlwm, ua kom muaj kev sib chwv ib qho kev sib chwv.

4. Cov Hluav Taws Xob Cov Hluav Taws Xob

  • Rooj mov: Qhia rau cov roj insulating ntws los ntawm thaj chaw arcing thaum lub sijhawm sib cuag switching, facilitating arc quenching thiab txias.
  • Nta:

Tsim los ua kom zoo roj rau kev nrawm nrawm ntawm arc extinguishing thiab tiv thaiv cov roj stagnation.

Yuav suav nrog cov khoom siv tsis tau los tiv thaiv cov pa roj carbon monoxide ntawm kev kis mus rau hauv cov roj.

5. Cov roj compartment

  • Rooj mov: Lub thawv ntim kaw uas tuav cov roj insulating (muaj rwb thaiv tsev ntxhia), muab cov rwb thaiv tsev ntxhia), muab cov rwb thaiv tsev thiab arc {}}}}}} Quenching xov rau kev sib tiv tauj thaum muaj kev kub ntxhov.
  • Nta:

Muab faib hauv ib qhoHloov Chamber(Hu rau ntawm qhov chaw) thiab ib qhoRoj Reservoir, nrog baffles lossis li qub tswj roj txaus.

Tej zaum yuav tau nruab nrog cov ntsuas roj theem, siab nyem li qub, thiab online roj ua kev soj ntsuam zoo.

 

Kev Ua Haujlwm Ua Haujlwm

  • Txib kev ua kom tiav: Ib qho teeb tsa tswj tau ua kom lub cev muaj zog, thiab lub tshuab iav tsav tsheb lub ntsiab txuas mus tig.
  • Hu Hloov Hloov: Tus ncej tseem ceeb tsiv cov kev sib cuag deb ntawm tus kais tam sim no, tsim lub arc.
  • Arc quenching: Lub zog arc yog nqus thiab txias los ntawm insulating roj hauv cov roj av, thaum cov roj xuas nrig ua kom cov roj nrawm nrawm los npog txoj kev arcing.
  • Roj Kev Lag Luam: Cov roj carbonized tau lim thiab sib haum, thaum cov roj huv si rov qab mus rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv rwb thaiv tsev.

 

on load tap changer oltc

IV. Ua Si:

  1. Cov kev xaiv xaiv tau txav mus rau qhov chaw ua haujlwm uas nyob ib sab thaum cov neeg sib tiv tauj tseem ceeb txuas ntxiv mus nqa cov khoom tam sim no
  2. Cov kab ke hloov pauv ntawm cov laus thiab cov haujlwm tshiab los ntawm kev hloov pauv impedance
  3. Tam sim no maj mam hloov mus rau tus kais tshiab
  4. Kev hloov pauv impedance yog bypassed ib zaug hloov ua tiav
  5. Cov kev xaiv hu tau npaj rau kev ua haujlwm tom ntej

Tus txheej txheem no feem ntau tshwm sim tsis pub dhau 3-10 feeb thiab tuaj yeem pib txuas mus los ntawm voltage kev cai lossis manually thaum xav tau.

 

 

V. Kev thov

OLTCS pom ntau txoj kev siv thoob plaws ntau cov haujlwm ntawm kev lag luam hluav taws xob:

Fais fab kis tau twj:

  • Cov kev cai tswj hwm nyob rau hauv kauj ruam -} thiab kauj ruam- down all)
  • Nyiaj them rau voltage tee hla ntev kis cov kab
  • Reflective zog tswj kev tswj

01

Faib cov txheej txheem:

  • Kev saib xyuas cov neeg siv hluav taws xob tsis pub muaj kev txwv
  • Nyiaj them rau sib txawv thauj cov qauv thoob plaws hnub
  • Kev sib xyaw nrog cov txhab hluav taws xob rau lub zog kho

02

Muaj Ntaub Ntawv:

  • Cov txheej txheem kev lag luam uas yuav tsum muaj hluav taws xob ruaj khov rau cov khoom siv rhiab
  • Kev loj lub cev muaj zog pib siv
  • Arc rauv hloov pauv hloov qhov chaw nrawm hluav taws xob yuav tsum muaj

03

Txuas txuas dua hluav taws xob:

  • Cua Ntshuam Hloov Hloov Hloov Hluav Taws Xob Nyiaj Txiag Rau Lwm Tiam
  • Hnub ci PV kauj ruam - Ui Up Transformers Daws Nrog Cov Khoom Siv Nrov
  • Daim phiaj sib txuas cov ntsiab lus txuas rau kev tswj cov hluav taws xob voltage

04

Cov Kev Siv Tshwj Xeeb:

  • Traction Systems Rau Fais Railways
  • HVDC converter transformers
  • Theem -}} transfting transformers

05

VI. Kev Xaiv Xaiv Rau OLTCS

Xaiv OLTC tsim nyog yuav tsum ua tib zoo xav txog ntau yam:

 

Cov Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob:

  • Ntsuas Voltage thiab Tam Sim No
  • Tus naj npawb ntawm cov kais dej thiab qib voltage
  • Luv -} Circuit Court Witrt Muaj Peev Xwm
  • Rwb thaiv tsev theem yuav tsum muaj
 

Cov yam ntxwv ua tau:

  • Hloov lub peev xwm thiab lub voj voog
  • Hloov pauv ntawm cov kais dej
  • Hu Rau Lub Neej Kev Cia Siab (Feem Ntau 50,000-500,000 Operations)
  • Poob ntawm cov kais sib txawv
 

Cov Kev Saib Xyuas Txhua Yam:

  • Hom tsav tshuab tsav (lub cev muaj zog, phau ntawv, lossis chaw taws teeb - tswj)
  • Cov xwm txheej ib puag ncig (sab hauv / sab nraum zoov, ntsuas kub)
  • Kev saib xyuas kom tau thiab siv tau
 

Tswj Cov Txheej Txheem Sib Xws:

  • Interface nrog tsis siv neeg voltage kev cai
  • Kev sib txuas lus sib txuas lus rau Scada kev sib koom ua ke
  • Synchronization nrog lwm cov txheej txheem system
 

Cov kev tshwj xeeb:

  • Nqus Vs. Roj -}}} itthated thev naus laus zis
  • Cov lus teb ceev yuav tsum muaj rau cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb
  • Kev txiav txim siab rov qab rau cov kev xav tseem ceeb
 

Nyiaj txiag thiab kev tswj hwm lub neej:

  • Tus nqi pibvs. ntev -} term ua haujlwm txuag tau
  • Zog Efficiencycuam ​​tshuam rau tag nrho cov nqi ntawm cov tswv cuab
  • Xav tias lub neejthiab hloov lub voj voog
  • Muaj Cov Khoom Siv Tsegthiab tom qab {{{0} Kev Muag Khoom Txhawb
  • Kev Ua Raws Ib puag ncig(piv txwv li, roj kov, cov pa roj carbon)

VII. Piv nrog tsis muaj - TEAD TAIS HLOOV HLOOV HLOOV HLOOV HLOOV (NLTC)

Thaum ob tus OLTCS thiab NLTCS ua lub hom phiaj ntawm cov kev cai voltage, lawv txawv hauv kev ua haujlwm thiab daim ntawv thov:

Yam zoo

OLTC (ntawm {- Khov LOAD KIS HLOOV)

Nltc (tsis muaj - Khov LOAD KIS HLOOV)

Kev phais

Tuaj yeem ua haujlwm hauv qab thauj khoom

Yuav tsum tau hloov pauv de -} energization

Hloov cov zaus

Nquag (txhua hnub lossis ntau dua)

Infrequent (caij ntuj lossis thaum lub sijhawm saib xyuas)

Nyuaj

Ntau Txheej Txheej

Yooj Yim Tsim

Tus nqi

Tseem ceeb dua

Tus nqi qis

Kho

Ntau intensive

Tsawg tsawg

Cov Ntawv Thov

Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov uas yuav tsum tau ua hluav taws xob tas li

Cov ntawv thov uas qee lub sijhawm hloov kho tau txaus

Kev hloov tshuab

Siv impedance thaum hloov

Kev Txuas Ncaj Ncees

Qhov loj

Loj dua

Ntau Cov Kev Cog Lus

Kev cai voltage

Dynamic, Tsis Siv Neeg

Qub, phau ntawv

Cov chaw raug

Kev muab hluav taws xob, muaj nroj tsuag

Generator Theem -} up transformers, qee cov kev hloov pauv

 

Cov Ntsiab Lus Zoo ntawm OLTC:

  • Ua rau lub caij nyoog tsis muaj zog thaum lub sij hawm voltage kho
  • Tso cai rau tsis siv neeg voltage kev teb cov lus teb rau cov kab ke
  • Muab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hluav taws xob zoo nkauj nrog ntau tus kais txoj haujlwm
  • Qhov tseem ceeb rau cov tshuab nrog cov kev hloov pauv ntau zaus

 

Thaum twg los xaiv NLTC:

 

  • Rau cov hloov pauv nrog cov tsis muaj peev xwm xav tau kev hloov hluav taws xob
  • Hauv cov ntawv thov uas cov hluav taws xob luv hluav taws xob muaj kev cuam tshuam tau
  • Thaum tus nqi yog qhov kev txiav txim siab thawj
  • Rau cov tshuab yooj yim tsis siv hluav taws xob kev cai yuav tsum tau

on load tap changer in transformer

 

VIII. Ua hauv ntiaj teb OLTC Manufacturers thiab lawv cov txuj ci siab

oltc transformer

Lwm cov tshuab

1.reateinhausen (Mr, Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen)

  • Kev Lag Luam Thoob Ntiaj Teb: ~ 35% (tshaj 50% hauv qhov siab- voltage segment)
  • Cov Qauv Txheej Txheem:

Pioner ntawm lub tshuab nqus hloov hloov thev naus laus zis (Vacutap® series)

Revolution Cov Kev Tawm Cov Khoom Siv Digital (DYM ™ Dynamic Kev Ntsuas)

  • Cov phiaj xwm tseem ceeb: Tuam Tshoj tus ± 800kv Kunliulong uhv kis Project Project

2.Abb

  • Chij Khoom Muag: UC Series (rau cov nyom tshaj 3000A)
  • Nrhav:

Modular Tus Qauv (70% Seev Txij Nkawm)

Sib xyaw Fiber -} optic Kub Saib

3.Kev siv lub zog

  • Cov thev naus laus zis tsim tawm:

Dual - Restor Switching (Etap® Series)

Tob - Hiav txwv hiav txwv corrosion - tiv thaiv kev tsim (tus thawj coj ua lag luam hauv ntug dej tawm)

 

Asmeskas Manufacturers

1.Go cov kev daws teeb meem

  • Cov txiaj ntsig kev ua haujlwm:

Patented kev nrawm nroos txawv teb system interlock system (<2s switching time)

Arctic Version rau Huab Cua Txias (-50 Degree)

2.Yuav kev lag luam

  • Kev ua lag luam txoj hauj lwm: Nqi {- Cov thawj coj ua yeeb yam hauv nruab nrab - voltage seem
  • Tshwj xeeb: tag nrho cov ntim qhuav - Hom Hom OLTC (txij nkawm {{1} Tsis muaj tus qauv dawb}} ywj pheej tsim)

 

Neeg Esxias Cov Chaw Tsim Khoom

1.ToSiba (Nyiv)

  • Cov Tseem Ceeb:

Ntiaj teb feem ntau tsim qauv (40% me dua cov neeg sib tw)

Seismic - eaam pov thawj ALTC rau Shinkansen Cov Tsheb Loj

2.Sharanhai Huaming (Suav teb)

  • Tus thawj coj hauv kev ua lag luam:

Cov neeg xa khoom tseem ceeb rau lub xeev daim phiaj (100% zos hauv UHV tej yaam num)

Cov qauv "dual -} kem synchronous hloov" thev naus laus zis

3.Hyosung (Kaus Lim Qab Teb)Kev Ua Lag Luam Zoo:

  • Cov kev daws teeb meem kev lag luam rau lub zog txuas ntxiv
  • Huab {- Raws cov ntawv kuaj mob ntse platform

Tshuab Sib Piv

Tus tsim

Arc quenching

Max Peev Xwm

Cov thev naus laus zis

Cov Neeg Siv Khoom

Tsa Mr

Lub tshuab nqus tsev

3000A

Digital ntxaib

Daim phiaj xeev

Abb

Roj + Nqus Tsev

5000A

Cast -} hloov

Dej loj los

Huming

Lub tshuab nqus tsev

2500A

Seismic tsim

Suav cua ua liaj ua teb

Toshiba

Lub tshuab nqus tsev

1800A

Ultra -} compact

Chais plaub hau

Kev Ua Lag Luam Evolution

1. Txhaum monopolies:

  • Pre -}} 2010: MR / ABB / SiEMENS tau tuav 80% high-kawg kev ua lag luam
  • 2023: Asian Manufacturers ntes 30% UHV kev lag luam qhia

2. Tawm qhov xav tau:

  • Txuas ntxiv rau kev sib xyaw ua ke "Fast -}} Cov Lus Teb OLTCS" (<1s switching)
  • Cov kev pab digital li cov chaw muaj peev nyiaj tshiab (piv txwv li, Mr lub chaw taws teeb kuaj pom kev xaiv)

3. Cov hauv zos sib txuas:

  • Tuam Tshoj tus 14th FYP ua 100% OLTCS hauv qab 500kv
  • Cov khoom tseem ceeb (piv txwv li, nqus kev nqus hluav taws xob) tseem txawv teb

Ix. Kev sib txuas ntawm on - Pread Take Changer (OLTC) thiab lub cev muaj zog tsav chav (MDU)

Motor Drive Unit

TusNyob rau - Pead Take Changer (OLTC)Yog ib qho cuab yeej hauv cov hloov pauv siv los hloov cov cua hloov pauv sib piv thaum energized, ua kom cov kev cai voltage. TusLub cev muaj zog tsav chav (MDU), ntawm qhov tod tes, yog cov actuator tseem ceeb uas tswj kev ua haujlwm ntawm OLTC. Ob tug yog ze sib txuas los ntawm kev kho tshuab, hluav taws xob, thiab tswj cov tshuab. Hauv qab no yog cov kev sib raug zoo tseem ceeb ntawm lawv:

1. Kev cuam tshuam ua haujlwm

  • Thaum lubTus ntses lojyuav tsum hloov mus coj mus rhaub txoj haujlwm, tusTus mduTau txais cov cim tswj hwm (piv txwv li, los ntawm qhov tsis siv neeg voltage regulator (AVR) lossis tsav tsheb ua kom zoo dua lossis xaiv tus kais.
  • MDU kom ntseeg tau tias cov OLTC ua haujlwmsai sai, raug, thiab tsis muaj arcing(Ntawm synchronized kev ua thiab arc -} extinguishing tsim).

2. Neeg kho tshuab kis

  • MDU tau txuas nrog OLTC's kev sib cuag ntawm Gearboxes, lossis cov txuas, hloov lub cev muaj zog rau hauv kab lossis qeeb qeeb yuav tsum tau los ntawm OLTC.
  • Ib co MDus teeb tsaTxoj Haujlwm encodersTxhawm rau muab tiag - lub sij hawm tswv yim rau kev sib chwv sib chwv, ua kom coj mus rhaub txoj haujlwm synchronization.

3. Kev tswj hluav taws xob

  • MDU lub cev muaj zog (feem ntau AC lossis DC) yog siv los ntawm tus hloov pauv kev tswj hwm, nrog nws pib / nres logic khi rau tus oltcKev Nyab Xeeb Kev Nyab Xeeb(piv txwv li, overcurrent kev tiv thaiv, coj mus rhaub txwv kev tiv thaiv).
  • Niaj hnub nimno MDUS kuj yuav muajMicroprocessor Kev Tswj Xyuas, Txhawb cov chaw sib txuas lus (piv txwv li, iec 61850) rau cov kev cai rho tawm.

4. Kev Tiv Thaiv & Tswj Xyuas

  • MDU thiab OLTC ua haujlwm ua ke los saib xyuas cov tsis muaj xws liLub cev muaj zog torque, lub sijhawm hloov pauv, thiab kev ua haujlwm cycles, ua kom muaj lub tswb los sis cov xauv phom thaum muaj kev tsis ncaj ncees (piv txwv li, tiv thaiv kev kub dhau los ntawm kev ua haujlwm dhau los).
  • Qee cov qauv tsim ua kom muaj MDU nrog OLTC cov roj sib xyaw, sib koom lub rwb thaiv tsev thiab tshuab txias.

5. Txij Nkawm Kev Txij Nkawm

  • MDU txoj kev ntseeg tau ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau OLTC lub neej, xav tau li cas lub sijhawm lubrication thiab tshuaj xyuas ntawm lub zog thiab kev kis cov khoom siv. Yog tias MDU ua tsis tiav, tus OLTC yuav xav tau kev ua haujlwm (piv txwv li, ntawm kev kub ntxhov.

MDU

 

Lub ntsiab:MDU ua haujlwm raws li lub hlwb "Hwj chim hlwb" ntawm OLTC, nrog ob txoj haujlwm ua haujlwm hluav taws xob hauv kev hloov pauv. Kev sib koom tes ua tau zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev sib zog nqus ruaj khov, thaum tsis tiav tuaj yeem ua rau cov teeb meem hluav taws xob lossis cov cuab yeej siv.

 

X. Xaus

On - Pread Take Changers sawv cev rau cov kev cai sib xyaw ua ke hauv cov hluav taws xob. Lawv lub peev xwm los kho cov hloov pauv hloov pauv tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam kev cuam tshuam ua rau lawv muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev tswj kom muaj zog zoo thiab tsim kom ruaj khov. Thaum ntau dua complex thiab kim dua tsis muaj {{luj khawm, OLTCS yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob niaj hnub no.

 

Kev xaiv nruab nrab ntawm OLTC thiab NLTC nyob ntawm cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb, nrog OLTCS yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau cov khoom siv uas volt tsis muaj peev xwm ua tau. Raws li lub zog tshuab hloov zuj zus nrog kev nce siab dua tshiab thiab lub luag haujlwm hluav taws xob txuas ntxiv, lub luag haujlwm ntawm OLTCS hauv kev tswj hwm kev ntseeg tau txuas ntxiv mus rau qhov tseem ceeb.

tap changer in transformer

auto tap changer transformer

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